Whakarāpopototanga

He tikanga auaha, kore-whakaeke te Impulse Oscillometry (IOS) mō te aromatawai i te mahi a ngā pukahukahu. Kāore i rite ki te spirometry tikanga, e hiahia ana ki ngā nekehanga manawa kaha me te mahi tahi nui a te tūroro, ka ine te IOS i te aukati manawa i te wā e manawa mārire ana. Nā tēnei ka tino whai hua mō te whakamahi i roto i ngā tamariki, ngā kaumātua, me ngā tūroro kāore e taea te mahi i te spirometry pono. Ka arotakehia e tēnei tuhinga ngā mātāpono, ngā tawhā matua, ngā tono haumanu, ngā painga, me ngā herenga o te IOS i roto i te rongoā manawa hou.

Kupu Whakataki

He mea nui ngā whakamātautau mahi pūkahukahu (PFT) mō te tautuhi me te whakahaere i ngā mate manawa. Ko te Spirometry, te paerewa koura, he iti noa iho ōna herenga nā te mea e whakawhirinaki ana ki te kaha me te taunga o te tūroro. Kua puta ake te Impulse Oscillometry (IOS) hei tikanga kaha hei whakakapi, hei tautoko hoki, e wikitoria ana i ēnei wero mā te hiahia noa ki te manawa kore mahi.

Ngā Mātāpono o te Impulse Oscillometry

Ka tukuna e te pūnaha IOS ngā tohu pēhanga poto, pāorooro (kei roto ko te whānuitanga o ngā auau iti me ngā auau teitei, mai i te 5 ki te 35 Hz) ki ngā ara manawa o te tūroro mā te waha. Ka ine tahi te taputapu i ngā tohu pēhanga me te rere i te waha. Mā te whakamahi i tētahi mātāpono e rite ana ki te ture a Ohm i roto i te hikohiko, ka tatauhia te Ārai Manawa (Z).

E rua ngā wāhanga matua o te Ārai Manawa:

Ātete (R)Ko te wāhanga o te aukati i te āhua me te rere. Ko te nuinga o te wā ka whakaata i ngā āhuatanga ātete o ngā ara manawa ki te rere o te hau. Ko ngā auau teitei ake (hei tauira, 20Hz) ka uru ki waenganui, e whakaata ana i te ātete o te ara manawa pokapū, ko ngā auau iti ake (hei tauira, 5Hz) ka uru hohonu, e whakaata ana i te ātete katoa o te ara manawa.

Te tauhohenga (X)Ko te wāhanga o te aukati i waho o te āhua me te rere. E whakaata ana i te hokinga whakamuri o te kiko o te pukahukahu me te pakitara o te uma (pūngao) me ngā āhuatanga korekore o te hau i roto i ngā ara manawa o waenganui (korekore).

Ngā Tawhā Matua me ō rātou Hiranga Hauora

R5: Ātete i te 5 Hz, e tohu ana i te ātete manawa katoa.

R20: Ātete i te 20 Hz, e tohu ana i te ātete o te ara manawa pokapū.

R5 – R20: Ko te rerekētanga i waenga i te R5 me te R20 he tohu tairongo mō te ātete o te ara manawa iti, o te ara manawa taha rānei. Mēnā ka piki ake te uara, e tohu ana tēnei i te ngoikore o te ara manawa iti.

Fres (Auau Whakaoho): Ko te auau e kore ai te tauhohenga. Ko te pikinga o Fres e tohu ana i te pikinga o te aukati me te pakari o ngā pukahukahu, he tohu tēnei o te mate ara manawa iti.

AX (Horahanga Tauhohenga): Ko te horahanga whakauru o te tauhohenga mai i te 5 Hz ki te Fres. Ko te pikinga o te AX he tohu tairongo o te ngoikore o te ara manawa ā-taha.

Te Oscillation Āki me te Oscillation Hihiri i roto i te Whakamātautau Mahi Pūkahukahu

He tikanga kore-whakaeke te Forced Oscillation Technique (FOT) me te Impulse Oscillometry (IOS) e ine ana i te aukati manawa i te wā e manawa mārire ana. Ko te rerekētanga matua kei roto i te momo tohu e whakamahia ana hei whakararuraru i te pūnaha manawa.

1. Tikanga Whakaohooho Āwhina (FOT)

Te Tohu:Ka whakamahi i te auau kotahi, parakore, i te ranunga rānei o ngā auau kua tautuhia i mua (auau maha) i te wā kotahi. He ngaru sinusoidal tonu tēnei tohu.

Āhuatanga Matua:He ine āhua pumau tēnei. Nā te mea ka taea te whakamahi i te auau kotahi, he tino tika mō te ine i te aukati i taua auau motuhake.

2. Te Ine Āmiomio (IOS)

Te Tohu:He poto rawa ngā ngaru pēhanga, he rite ki te pā. He ngaru tapawhā ia pā, kei roto i te whānuitanga o ngā auau maha (mai i te 5Hz ki te 35Hz te nuinga).

Āhuatanga Matua:He inenga rangitahi tēnei. Ko tētahi painga nui ko te tere tonu o te whakarato raraunga ārai i te whānuitanga o ngā auautanga mā te pāoro kotahi.

Hei whakarāpopototanga, ahakoa he pai ngā tikanga e rua, nā te tikanga pāorooro a IOS ka tere ake, ka ngāwari ake mō te tūroro, ā, ka tino whai hua hoki ki te kite i ngā mate ara manawa iti, ā, ka whai wāhi atu ki te whakamahinga whānui o tēnei tikanga haumanu.

Ngā Painga o te IOS

Te Mahi Tahi a te Tūroro Iti rawaKo te manawa mārie, mā te manawa tai anake e hiahiatia ana, he mea tino pai mō ngā tamariki nohinohi, ngā kaumātua, me ngā tūroro e tino mate ana.

Aromatawai Whānui: E wehewehe ana i waenga i te aukati ara manawa pokapū me te aukati ara manawa taha, ā, e whakarato ana i ngā mōhiohio e pā ana ki te pai o te manawa.

Te Tairongo Nui mō te Mate Ara Rere ItiKa taea te kite i ngā āhuatanga rerekē o ngā ara manawa iti i mua atu i te spirometry.

Tino pai mō te Aroturuki: Ka taea te ine auau me te roa, he mea whai hua mō ngā whakamātautau wero o te pūkahukahu, ngā whakamātautau urupare whakawhanui i te pūkahukahu, me te aroturuki i te wā e moe ana, e moe ana rānei.

Ngā tono haumanu

Te Pūkahukahu Tamariki: Ko te whakamahinga matua, inā koa mō te tātaritanga me te aroturuki i te mate huango i roto i ngā tamariki nohinohi.

Te mate huango: E tohuhia ana e te pikinga o te R5 me te urupare nui ki te whakawhanui i te manawa. Ka whakamahia hoki te IOS hei aroturuki i te whai huatanga o te maimoatanga me te kimi i te mate kāore i te whakahaeretia mā roto i ngā tawhā iti o te ara manawa (R5-R20, AX).

Mate Pūkahukahu Ārai Mau Tonu (COPD): E whakaatu ana i te ātete nui me te ngoikore nui o te ara manawa iti (te pikinga o te R5-R20, Fres, me te AX).

Ngā Mate Pūkahukahu Waenga (ILD): Ka pā nui ki te tauhohenga, ka hua ake he X5 kino ake me te Fres teitei ake, e whakaatu ana i te ngoikore o te ngohengohe o te pūkahukahu (ngā pūkahukahu pakari).

Aromatawai i mua i te pokanga me te Aroturuki i roto i te pokanga: Ka whakarato i tētahi aromatawai tere o te mahi a ngā pukahukahu, ā, ka taea te kite i te pupuhi pūkahukahu whakapeka i te wā o te pokanga.

Aromatawai i te Mate Pōturi Kore Whakamārama: Āwhina ki te wehewehe i waenga i ngā tauira aukati me ngā tauira whakawhāiti.

Whakamutunga

He tikanga matatau, he ngāwari hoki ki te tūroro te Impulse Oscillometry, kua huri i te whakamātautau mahi a te pūkahukahu, inā koa i roto i ngā taupori he uaua te spirometry. Nā tōna kaha ki te kite i ngā mate ara manawa iti me te whakarato i tētahi tātaritanga rerekē o ngā tikanga ara manawa, he taputapu tino whai hua tēnei mō te tautuhi wawe, te tautuhi i ngā āhuatanga, me te whakahaere roa i te whānuitanga o ngā mate manawa. Ahakoa e tautoko ana i ngā PFT tuku iho, kaua e whakakapi, kua mau te IOS i tētahi tūranga pumau me te tipu haere i roto i ngā taputapu tātaritanga manawa hou.