Ko te Mate Pūkahukahu Ārai Mau, e mōhiotia whānuitia ana ko te COPD, he mate pūkahukahu e ahu whakamua ana e uaua ai te manawa. Ko te tikanga o te "Ahunga Whakamua" ka piki haere te kino o te āhua i roto i te wā. He tino take tēnei o ngā mate me ngā mate puta noa i te ao, engari he maha hoki ngā wā ka taea te ārai me te whakahaere. Ko te mārama ki te COPD te taahiraa tuatahi ki te whakahaere i te hauora o ō pūkahukahu.

He aha te COPD? He Tirohanga Tata ki ngā Pūkahukahu

Hei mārama ki te COPD, he mea āwhina te mōhio ki te mahi a ō pūkahukahu. Ina manawa koe ki roto, ka rere te hau i raro i tō pūkahukahu (trachea) ki roto i ngā ngongo e kiia nei ko te bronchi, ka peka atu ki roto i ngā ngongo iti ake (bronchioles) puta noa i ō pūkahukahu. Kei te pito o ēnei ngongo he pēke hau iti e kiia nei ko te alveoli. He pīngore ēnei pēke, ā, he rite ki ngā poihau, ka whakakīia ki te hāora, kātahi ka memeha hei tuku i te hauhā waro.

Ko te COPD he kupu whānui e whakauru ana i ngā mate matua e rua, e puta tahi ana i te nuinga o te wā:

Te mate pūkahukahu:Ka pakaru, ka ngaro hoki ngā pakitara o ngā alveoli. Ka whakaitihia te horahanga o te mata mō te whakawhiti hau, ā, ka ngaro te ngāwari o ngā pukahukahu. Ka mau te hau i roto i ngā pēke kua pakaru, ka uaua ai te whakaputa katoa i te manawa.

Te mate pūkahukahu mau tonu:Ko tēnei he mumura roa o te arai o ngā ngongo pūkahukahu. Ka hua ake he maremare pumau, huakore (e whakaputa ana i te huware) mō te iti rawa i te toru marama i te tau mō ngā tau e rua karapīpiti. Ka pupuhi ngā ara manawa mumura, ka purua hoki i te hūpē.

I ngā āhuatanga e rua, ko te mutunga he aukati i te rere o te hau i roto i ngā pukahukahu, ka hua ake ai te poto o te manawa.

Ngā Take me ngā Take Mōrearea

Ko te tino take o te COPD ko te roanga o te pānga ki ngā mea whakapataritari i te pukahukahu e kino ai ngā pukahukahu. Ko te mea tino nui ko:

Te hikareti tupeka: Koinei te tino take, ko te nuinga o ngā take. Kei roto i tēnei ko ngā hikareti, ngā hikā, ngā paipa, me te auahi tuarua.

Heoi anō, ka taea hoki e te hunga kāore e kaipaipa te pāngia e te COPD. Ko ētahi atu āhuatanga mōrearea nui ko:

Te Pānga ki te Mahi: Te pānga roa ki ngā paoa matū, ngā kohu, te puehu, me ētahi atu matū kino i te wāhi mahi (hei tauira, i roto i te maina, i ngā kakahu, i ngā mahi hanga rānei).

Te Parahanga o te Hau o Roto, o Waho hoki: I ngā wāhi maha o te ao, ko te tahu i ngā wahie koiora (pēnei i te rakau, te para hua whenua, te waro rānei) hei tunu kai me te whakamahana i roto i ngā kāinga kāore i te pai te hauhautanga te tino take. He pānga anō hoki te parahanga nui o te hau o waho.

Ira: Ka taea e tētahi mate ira onge e kiia nei ko te Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency te whakaputa i te COPD, ahakoa i roto i te hunga kāore e kaipaipa. Ka tiakina e tēnei pūmua ngā pukahukahu, ā, ki te kore he pūmua, ka ngawari ake te pakaru o ngā pukahukahu.

Te Mōhio ki ngā Tohu

He ngawari noa iho ngā tohu o te COPD i te tīmatanga, engari ka kaha haere i te whanaketanga o te mate. He maha ngā tāngata e whakahē ana i ēnei tohu i te tīmatanga hei tohu o te koroheketanga, te kore rānei e pai te āhua. Ko ngā tohu noa ko:

Maremare Pūmau: He maremare pūmau e kore e memeha, e kiia ana ko te "maremare a te kaipaipa".

Te nui haere o te whakaputanga o te huware: Te maremare pinepine me te pupuhi huware (repe).

Te Poto o te Manawa (Dyspnea): Koinei te tohu matua. Tērā pea ka puta i te tīmatanga i te wā e mahi ana i te tinana engari ka puta i muri mai ahakoa kei te okioki. He maha ngā wā ka whakaahuahia e te tangata ko te "kore e whiwhi hau nui."

Te wheehe: He tangi whiowhio, he tangi tioriori rānei ina manawa koe.

Te Kikī o te Uma: He kare ā-roto e pēhia ana, e kōpiripiri ana rānei i roto i te uma.

Ko tētahi āhuatanga matua o te COPD ko ngā "whakanuitanga," arā, ko ngā wā ka kino haere ngā tohu, ā, ka roa mō ētahi rā. He maha ngā wā ka puta mai ēnei i te mate manawa (pēnei i te makariri, te rewharewha rānei) i te parahanga rānei o te hau. Ka taea e ngā whakanuitanga te kino rawa atu, me kawe ki te hōhipera, ā, ka taea te whakateretere i te haere whakamua o te mate.

Te Tātaritanga me te Maimoatanga

Mena ka pāngia koe e ēnei tohu, ina koa he kaipaipa koe, he hītori rānei kua pāngia koe e ngā mea whakapataritari i ōu pukahukahu, he mea nui kia kite koe i tētahi tākuta.

Ko te tātaritanga ko te tikanga:

Te whakamātautau ine pūkahukahu: Koinei te whakamātautau mahi pūkahukahu e tino kitea ana. Ka pupuhi kaha koe ki roto i tētahi ngongo e hono ana ki tētahi mīhini, e ine ana i te nui o te hau ka taea e koe te whakaputa me te tere o te mahi.

X-ray o te uma, te matawai CT rānei: Ka taea e ēnei whakamātautau whakaahua te whakaatu i te emphysema me te whakakore i ētahi atu raruraru o te pukahukahu.

Ahakoa kāore he rongoā mō te COPD, ka taea e ngā maimoatanga te whakamamae i ngā tohu, te whakaroa i te whanaketanga o te mate, me te whakapai ake i te kounga o te oranga.

1. Ngā Huringa Āhua Noho:

Kati te kai hikareti: Koinei te taahiraa tino nui.

Āraia ngā mea e whakapataritari ana i te pūkahukahu: Me noho tawhiti atu i te auahi tuarua, te parahanga, me ngā auahi matū.

2. Ngā rongoā:

Ngā rongoā whakawhanui i te manawa: He rongoā manawa ēnei hei whakangāwari i ngā uaua huri noa i ngā ara manawa, hei āwhina i te whakatuwhera me te whakangāwari i te manawa. I te nuinga o te wā ka tangohia i ia rā me te whakamahi i te taputapu whakawhanui manawa.

Ngā Corticosteroids e manawahia ana: Ka taea e ēnei te whakaiti i te mumura i roto i ngā ara manawa me te ārai i ngā whakaekenga kino.

Ngā Inhaler Whakakotahi: Kei roto i ēnei he rongoā whakawhanui i te manawa me te steroid.

3. Te Whakaora i te Pūkahukahu:

He kaupapa whaiaro tēnei e whakauru ana i te whakangungu whakakori tinana, te tohutohu kai, me te mātauranga mō tō mate. Ka ako koe me pēhea te whakahaere i tō āhua me te noho kaha tonu.

4. Te Whakaora Hāora:

Mō te hunga e pāngia ana e te COPD kino, me te iti o te hāora i roto i te toto, ka taea e te whakamahi i te hāora tāpiri i te kāinga te āwhina i te whakapai ake i te oranga, te whakaiti i ngā raruraru, me te whakanui ake i te pūngao.

5. Ngā werohanga:

He mea nui ngā werohanga rewharewha ā-tau me te kano ārai mate pneumococcal hei ārai i ngā mate manawa ka pā kino pea.

6. Pokanga:

I roto i ētahi kēhi tino motuhake o te emphysema kino, ka whakaarohia pea ngā kōwhiringa pokanga pēnei i te pokanga whakaiti i te rahinga o te pukahukahu, te whakawhitinga pukahukahu rānei.

He mea nui te ārai

Ko te huarahi pai hei ārai i te COPD ko te kore rawa e tīmata ki te momi hikareti, ki te mutu rānei mēnā kua tīmata kē koe ki te momi hikareti. Hei tāpiri, ko te whakaiti i te pānga ki te puehu me ngā matū o te mahi (mā te whakamahi i ngā taputapu tiaki) me te whakaiti i te pānga ki te parahanga o te hau o roto mā te whakamahi i ngā oumu tunu kai ma, me te whakarite kia tika te hauhautanga, he mahi nui ēnei mō te hauora o te marea.

Whakamutunga

He mate kino te COPD engari he mate ka taea te whakahaere. He mea nui te tautuhi wawe me te whakahaere wawe. Mā te mārama ki ngā take, te mōhio ki ngā tohu, me te piri ki tētahi mahere maimoatanga, ka taea e te hunga whai COPD te manawa ngāwari, te whakaiti i ngā putanga kino, me te pupuri i te kounga o te oranga pai ake mō ngā tau e haere ake nei. Mena kei te mōrearea koe, kaua e mangere ki te kōrero ki tō kaiwhakarato hauora.