He aha te mate huango?
He mate pūkahukahu mau tonu (roa) te mate huango e pā ana ki ngā ara manawa—arā, ngā ngongo e kawe ana i te hau ki roto, ki waho hoki i ō pūkahukahu. Mō te hunga whai huango, he maha ngā wā ka mumura, ka tairongo hoki ēnei ara manawa. Ina pāngia e ētahi mea whakaoho, ka pupuhi ake, ā, ka kikī ake ngā uaua e karapoti ana i a rātou. Nā tēnei ka uaua te rere noa o te hau, ka puta ngā tohu huango, e kiia ana ko te "whakaeke huango" te whakanui ake rānei.
He aha ngā mea ka tūpono i te wā e pāngia ana e te mate huango?
E toru ngā huringa matua o ngā ara manawa e pā ana ki tēnei tukanga:
Te mumura me te pupuhi: Ka whero te arai o ngā ara manawa, ka pupuhi, ka nui rawa te hūpē e puta mai ana.
Te whakawhāiti i te pūkahukahu: Ka whakapūmau ngā uaua e karapoti ana i ngā ara manawa.
Te Pikinga o te Hupe: Ka purua e te hupe matotoru ngā ara manawa kua whaiti kē.
Nā ēnei huringa katoa ka whaiti ake ngā ara manawa, pērā i te kakau witi e pēhia ana. Ka hua ake ngā tohu motuhake.
Ngā Tohu Noa
Ka rerekē ngā tohu o te mate huango i ia tangata, i ia wā, i ia wā. Kei roto i ēnei:
- Te poto o te manawa
- Te wheezing (he tangi whiowhio, he tangi tioriori rānei i te wā e manawa ana)
- Te kikī o te uma, te mamae rānei
- Te maremare, he maha ngā wā ka kino ake i te pō, i te ata rānei
He rerekē ngā mea e whakaohooho ana i te tangata. Ko ngā mea e tino kitea ana ko:
- Ngā mate pāwera: Te hae, ngā noke puehu, ngā pua harore, te kiri o ngā kararehe, ngā paru pepeke.
- Ngā mea whakapataritari: Auahi tupeka, parahanga hau, auahi matū kaha, hinu kakara.
- Ngā mate manawa: Te makariri, te rewharewha, ngā mate ihu.
- Kore-tinana: Ka puta ngā tohu i te whakakori tinana (te whakapūngao o te hau i puta mai i te whakakori tinana).
- Te huarere: Te hau makariri, te hau maroke, ngā huringa ohorere rānei o te huarere.
- Ngā Kare ā-roto Kaha: Te ahotea, te kata, te tangi rānei.
- Ngā Rongoā Motuhake: Pērā i te aspirin me ētahi atu rongoā anti-inflammatory kore-steroidal (NSAID) i roto i ētahi tāngata.
Te Tātaritanga me te Maimoatanga
Kāore he whakamātautau kotahi mō te mate huango. Ka tātaritatia e ngā tākuta i runga i te hītori hauora, te whakamātautau tinana, me ngā whakamātautau mahi a te pukahukahu, pērā i te spirometry, e ine ana i te nui me te tere o te manawa e taea ana e koe te whakaputa.
Ahakoa kāore he rongoā mō te mate huango, ka taea te whakahaere pai mā te maimoatanga tika, kia taea ai e te tangata te noho ora tonu, kia kaha hoki. Ko te tikanga, e rua ngā momo rongoā matua e whakamahia ana mō te maimoatanga:
Ngā Rongoā Whakahaere Wā Roa (Ngā Ārai): Ka tangohia i ia rā hei whakaiti i te mumura taketake me te ārai i ngā tohu. Ko ngā mea tino noa ko ngā corticosteroids manawa (hei tauira, fluticasone, budesonide).
Ngā Rongoā Whakaora Tere (Whakaora): Ka whakamahia i te wā o te whakaekenga huango hei whakaora tere mā te whakangāwari i ngā uaua ara manawa kua kuiti. Ko ēnei he rongoā beta agonists mahi poto (SABAs) pērā i te albuterol.
Ko tētahi wāhanga nui o te whakahaere ko te waihanga i tētahi Mahere Mahi Whaiaro mō te Mate Huango me tō tākuta. E whakamārama ana tēnei mahere tuhituhi i ngā rongoā hei tango i ia rā, me pēhea te kite i ngā tohu e kino haere ana, me ngā mahi hei mahi (tae atu ki te wā e rapu ai i te tiaki ohorere) i te wā e pāngia ana koe e te mate huango.
Te noho me te mate huango
Ehara i te rongoā anake te whakahaere whai hua o te mate huango:
Tāutuhia, ā, karohia ngā mea e whakaoho ana i te riri: Me mahi ki te whakaiti i te pānga ki ngā mea e whakaoho ana i te riri e mōhiotia ana.
Aroturuki i tō Manawa: Tirohia tonutia tō rere nui (he ine i te pai o te nekenga o te hau i roto i ō pukahukahu).
Werohia: Mā te werohanga rewharewha ā-tau me te whai i ngā kano ārai mate niumōnia ka ārai i ngā mate ka pā mai pea ngā whakaeke.
Kia Kaha te Ora: Mā te whakakori tinana auau ka whakapakari i tō ngākau me ō pukahukahu. Mahi tahi me tō tākuta ki te whakahaere i ngā tohumate e puta mai ana i te whakakori tinana.
Āhea te Rapu Āwhina mō ngā Āhuatanga Ohotata
Rapua tonutia te awhina hauora mēnā:
Kāore tō manawa whakaora tere e whakaora, he poto noa iho rānei te wā e ora ai.
He tino poto tō manawa, he uaua ki te kōrero, he kikorangi rānei ō ngutu/maikuku.
Kei roto i te "rohe whero" tō pānui rerenga tihi e ai ki te mahere mahi kua whakarārangihia.
Te Pikitia Nui
He mate noa te mate huango e pāngia ana e te tini me te mano o te ao, mai i ngā tamariki ki ngā pakeke. Mā te rongoā hou me te mahere whakahaere pai, ka taea te ārai i ngā putanga mai o te mate huango, me te whakahaere i ngā tohu. Mena kei te whakapae koe he mate huango tōu, tō tētahi rānei e arohaina ana e koe, ko te kōrero ki tētahi kaiwhakarato hauora te taahiraa tuatahi nui ki te whakahaere i te manawa.
Ko te mumura mau tonu o te ara manawa he āhuatanga whānui o ētahi momo huango, cystic fibrosis (CF), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), me te mate pūkahukahu aukati mau tonu (COPD).
I tēnei ao o nāianei, ko te whakamātautau kore-whakaeke, ngāwari, ka taea te whakahoki, tere, watea, me te utu iti e kiia nei ko te Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO), he maha ngā wā ka āwhina i te tautuhi i te mumura o te ara manawa, ā, mā reira ka tautoko i te tautuhi i te mate huango ina kāore i te tino mārama te tautuhi.
Kua aromatawaitia te kukū haurua o te hauota waro i roto i te manawa e whakapūhaina ana (FeCO), he rite ki te FeNO, hei tohu manawa pea mō ngā āhua pathophysiological, tae atu ki te tūnga momi hikareti, me ngā mate mumura o te pukahukahu me ētahi atu whekau.
Ko te taputapu tātari manawa UBREATH (BA810) he taputapu hauora i hangaia e e-LinkCare Meditech kia honoa ki te whakamātautau FeNO me te FeCO hei whakarato i te ine tere, tika, me te tau hei āwhina i te tautuhi me te whakahaere haumanu pēnei i te mate huango me ētahi atu mumura manawa mau tonu.
Wā tuku: Hakihea-16-2025